My interpretation, which may not be correct, is that firstly, the writer, a female, is depicting a sexist society, which is exactly what the world is. All the important people are all males while the females all stand on the sidelines.
Secondly, the story shows that people care more about their own survival than their family and close friends. Albert Einstein once said, "Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile" but the characters in "The Lottery" certainly do not believe that. They would rather stone a family member than reap bad harvest.
Next, the story shows just how hypocritical Man is, they do not mind if someone else is suffering as long as they do not suffer else well. An example was when Mrs. Hutchinson was about to be killed. She protested that "it isn't fair, it isn't right." because she was about to be killed but had she not stoned other people to death the year before and the year before that?
Finally, the story shows that society does not care for a strange or different person and that person is singled out. They also do not want to come into contact with that person. My evidence is that the villagers stoned Mrs. Hutchinson instead of using other methods such as a knife as they want to put distance between themselves and the different person.
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